Liberia is a nation on the coast of West Africa, formally known as the Republic of Liberia. Speaking more than 20 indigenous languages, the nation's ethnic and cultural diversity is reflected. As the first and oldest modern nation in Africa, Liberia was the first to declare its independence. The American Colonization Society (ACS), which thought black people would have greater opportunities for freedom and prosperity in Africa than in the United States, launched the project of Liberia in the early 19th century. As they colonized the native population, the settlers brought their culture and traditions with them, gradually forming an Americo-Liberian identity. Liberia, led by Americo-Liberians, proclaimed its independence on July 26, 1847; however, the United States would not acknowledge it until February 5, 1862. In 2005, democratic elections were held following a ceasefire deal in 2003. Due to the fact that the settlers carried their sewing and quilting talents with them, Liberia has a long history in textile arts and quilting.